tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58165086818987088542024-03-13T12:51:37.054-07:00Life ChangesWhen it stops to change you are dead.
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.comBlogger23125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-61431722882561163022013-04-17T10:14:00.000-07:002013-04-17T10:16:35.241-07:00Amazing statistics: how much time do you spend on social media or blog? <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<li>SEO still dominates for marketers, with B2B (57%) and B2C (41%). This makes the biggest impact on their lead generation goals. </li>
<li>56 % of college students said that they would not accept a job offer or would find ways to evade policy if a company banned access to social media.</li>
<li>ONLY 15 % local business fans are in the city where this business is located.</li>
<li>245 million Internet users in USA</li>
<li>80 % of all Internet users reach social media or blogs.</li>
<li>50 % of adults use social-networking sites.</li>
<li>More and more adults use <b>MySpace</b>, <b>Facebook </b>and <b>LinkedIn</b>.</li>
<li>Only 29 % IT professionals said that they have a good protection from enterprise social network use.</li>
<li>44 % of companies track employees' social media use.</li>
<li>84 % of young professionals get interrupted by social media at least once while trying to complete a project. </li>
<li>You can have extra 24 min of attention when you're posting not on Twitter but on <b>Facebook</b>.</li>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-89226409197157073722013-04-10T05:47:00.000-07:002013-04-10T05:47:25.985-07:00Mobile phone or toothbrush? <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Do you know that more people own a mobile phone than a toothbrush?!</div>
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Other interesting facts about social media:</div>
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<li>The <b>majority</b> of social media users spend their time online because of<b> staying in touch with current friends</b> and family. </li>
<li>A little bit less people use social media for connection with old friends they've lost touch with.</li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">33 % </span>of people<b> prioritize social media </b>freedom <b>over salary</b> in accepting a job offer. </li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">30 %</span> <b>people</b> would rather <b>text than talk.</b> </li>
<li>43 % of online consumers use social media.</li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">64 % </span>of Americans<b> stream mobile video at work.</b></li>
<li>73 % of people think that employees overshare.</li>
<li>From all planet,<b> 4.6 billion</b> people have <b>mobile phones</b> and <b>only 4.2 billion</b> have <b>toothbrush.</b> </li>
<li>37 % purchase using their smartphones. 3 times many as those who use tablet for this.</li>
<li>For <span style="font-size: large;">90 % </span>of social media users <b>Facebook </b>is the best, then <b>Twitter </b><span style="font-size: large;">77 % </span>and <b>Youtube </b><span style="font-size: large;">42 %. </span></li>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-18271630696583100912013-04-07T13:40:00.000-07:002013-04-07T13:40:37.961-07:008 exciting facts about SOCIAL MEDIA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<li><b>30 %</b> business-to-business marketers are <b>spending millions of dollars</b> annually on social marketing programs but they are<b> not tracing the impact</b> of this marketing</li>
<li>The rise of Netflix price caused <b>805,000 paid subscribes</b></li>
<li>Restaurant consumers who use social media dine more in that restaurant and usually become <b>return customers</b> </li>
<li><b>Tablet </b>owners consume a greater variety of <b>news</b> on their devices. <b>Tablet's visual interactive </b>features encourage people to explore</li>
<li><b>LinkedIn </b>has <b>64 million users</b> in North America</li>
<li>Johns Hopkins, Harvard and Notre Dame - top <b>schools </b>for <b>social media</b></li>
<li><b>80.8 % </b>smartphones and tablets users <b>research </b>products and only <b>41.4 % purchase</b> them</li>
<li><b>40 % </b>of bloggers consider themselves as a professionals </li>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-36276989495456907162013-04-07T11:55:00.000-07:002013-04-07T11:56:47.860-07:00Twitter statistics of 2012The main facts about Twitter:<br />
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<li>It is interesting that Twitter now has <b>100 million active users</b>!</li>
<li><b>34 %</b> of marketers have generated loads using Twitter</li>
<li>Tweets that include <b>verbs</b> have 2 % higher shareability</li>
<li><b>40 % </b>users <b>don't tweet</b> and just seeking what others are saying</li>
<li><b>55 %</b> use twitter via their <b>mobile device</b></li>
<li><b>Interesting content </b>and <b>humour</b> makes people retweet </li>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-87484327235952224542013-04-07T09:33:00.000-07:002013-04-07T09:33:38.650-07:00Facebook statistics of 2012<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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According to www.digitalbuzzblog.com, it's impressive that Facebook has grown to more than<b> 800 million active users</b>, adding more than 200 million in a single year.<br />
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<li>The average Facebook user has <b>130 friends</b> and is connected to<b> 80 pages, events and groups</b>. </li>
<li><b>56 % </b>of consumers recommend a brand to a friend after becoming a fan on Facebook.</li>
<li> <b>3.5 billion peaces of content</b> are shared each week on Facebook. </li>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-75235557084348875942013-04-06T13:15:00.000-07:002013-04-07T14:08:22.507-07:00State of the Blogging World 2012<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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This is statistics of United States but this happen all over the world!</div>
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The main facts about blogging:</h2>
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<li><b><span style="font-size: large;">60 %</span> men</b> and<span style="font-size: large;"> </span><b><span style="font-size: large;">40 % </span>women</b> are writing blogs </li>
<li>The main blogging platforms - <b>Wordpress 43 % </b>and <b>Blogger 35 %</b></li>
<li><b><span style="font-size: large;">31 million</span> bloggers </b>in USA</li>
<li>Only<b> 8 % </b>of bloggers earn enough money to <b>support their family</b></li>
<li><b>9 % </b>sustain their <b>lifestyle</b>, blogging 4-6 hours a day</li>
<li><b>2 %</b> make <b>$150 K blogging</b> from exotic locations, spend 1-2 hours a day</li>
<li><b>81 %</b> never make $100 from blogging </li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">42 million blogs</span></li>
<li><b>329 million </b>people view a blog</li>
<li><b>500 000 new posts</b> a day</li>
<li><b>400 000 </b>daily <b>comments</b></li>
<li><b><span style="font-size: large;">60 %</span> </b>of <b><span style="font-size: large;">businesses</span></b> have their blog</li>
<li><b>35 %</b> are active in their blog (at least one time a month)</li>
<li><b>65 %</b> haven't updated for one year or more</li>
<li><b>ENGLISH</b> is the main language (66 %)</li>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-91237295748291036782013-03-20T13:26:00.005-07:002013-04-01T12:19:06.288-07:00Op-ed style article: second example of op-ed (part 2)<div style="text-align: justify;">
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Another chosen <b>op-ed style article</b> is named <i>Thanks for Not Sharing</i> by R. Cohen (The New York Times, December 6, 2012). In this article the author sarcastically analyses the absorption of the unwanted shared personal information and images that is spread over the social media. First of all, in this article we also can find strong and persuasive arguments, original ideas and strong opinion that should be in a good editorial. But this op-ed article is good for his title as well, which is a little bit shocking and attention grabbing. It is said that readers have short attention spans and it is necessary (when writing editorial) to attract readers with a strong headline that emphasizes your central message. Also, a title should be catchy for readers to grasp the idea quickly. In this op-ed article (as well as in the first example) the title is the first introduction to the argument and it makes editorial to be really good written.<br />
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This op-ed style article is a little bit more artistic then the first one. The information, which is given, is not only new or innovative but contradicting peoples stereotypical opinion as well. For example, ”let us ponder oversharing and status anxiety, the two great scourges of the modern world (Facebook and Twitter)”. Many people like sharing things on social media or talk about what they are doing but the author destroys the opinion about liking it. He says that social media does not mean that you have to be that social. To deny the stereotypical thinking is one of the most important causes of great editorial.<br />
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Also, a lot of commentary writers agree that in a good editorial should be some clear and real life examples. In this article is a lot, for example, “I found Deanna tweeting that she had picked up pet food“, and so on. In that case, the author approaches to his readers, who have opportunity to understand the data easy. </div>
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Finally, the strong side of this editorial is humor and sarcasm: “here is a new urge to behave as if life were some global high-school reunion at which everyone has taken some horrific tell-all drug“. Opinion writing is half entertaining, half informing. And it is said that a delicious word out of the place or a clever turn of phrase can keep a reader going and absorbing your argument.</div>
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In conclusion, I would like to say that my chosen articles are different but both are very good examples of editorial writing. These articles are interesting, original and there are built clear and coherent arguments, with attention to context and audience.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-20372436037413266572013-03-13T14:20:00.000-07:002013-04-01T12:19:06.286-07:00Op-ed style article: first example of op-ed (part 1)<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Expressing opinion</span></td></tr>
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<b>Op-ed style article</b> - is a newspaper or magazine article that expresses the opinion. It can be <b>op-ed editorial</b> (which are usually unsigned and written by editorial board member) or an article written by writer who usually do not belong to the newspaper's editorial board.<br />
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We can say that many of all country's major newspapers publish <b>op-ed style</b> articles that have tremendous impact on national and international politics and events, as well as provide insight into social, environmental and pop culture issues. For example, known and professional newspapers such as New York Times, The Guardian, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times or Boston Globe have their <b>op-ed columns</b> that raise spirited debates on a variety of topics. A lot of editors of newspapers use their publications as a forum to express their views and to try to influence the opinions of the readership. Also, it is known that a big number of editorials in major and smaller publications have even won Pulitzer Prizes for their excellence in writing and presenting the variety of opinions, views and outlooks.</div>
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Despite the fact, that commentaries or op-ed pieces can be written in free, your own, unique way (there can be serious writing tone or, if the writer want, filled with sarcasm or with humor), it is not easy to write it. A lot of editorial writers highlight, that one of the most important things of commentary is that it should concern a current issue that affects a particular people who support or reject it.</div>
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Comparing academic writing with editorials, the journalist of atlantic-community.org (2011) said that while the purpose of academic work is often to analyze a complex issue in depth, the goal of a think tank publication is to provide clear solutions for decision makers. Another opinionated articles writer C. Damewood compare news publications with editorials and emphasizes that unlike other parts of a news publication that are dedicated to providing balanced, unbiased accounts of newsworthy events, an op-ed article is meant to be biased, somewhat insightful and often includes persuasive writing techniques.</div>
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First example of op-ed article</h3>
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One of my chosen <b>op-ed articles</b> is Umberto Eco: 'It's culture, not war, that cements European identity' by G. Riotta (The Guardian, 26 January 2012) [1] . This is an article in which the author reveal U. Eco attitude about European identity and his thoughts about what does it mean for Europeans to have European identity. First of all, this article can be considered as a <b>great example of op-ed article </b>because of its persuasive writing with original ideas. “The French, the Italians, the Germans, the Spanish and the English have spent centuries killing each other. Today, we've been at peace for 70 years and no one realizes how amazing that is any more. <...> The United States needed a civil war to unite properly. I hope that culture and the [European] market will do the same for us", his clear opinion stated U. Eco. It is, also, a great thing that the author tells the reader why he should care about the issue.</div>
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Furthermore, it is important that U. Eco represents a great diversity of perspectives and ideas, searches for answers and not concentrates into one argument. For example, he is trying to understand, what is the problem of weak European identity: “<…> euro banknotes were designed without the usual faces of important men and women – instead, there were just frigid landscapes <...> Or does the problem [of European identity] go back to God - the fact that the United States becomes ever more religious as Europe becomes even less religious? “. Moreover, his clever words, statements and strong opinion are sometimes like facts and it is, also, a big reason, why his editorial is a great example. Some of professional op-ed articles writers even state that good editorial is that, where fact and opinion is mixed together.</div>
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One more reason, why this op-ed article is worth reading, is that it provides the reader clear and innovative recommendations. U. Eco offers a solution that European identity would be more profound, for example, „the Erasmus idea should be compulsory – not just for students, but also for taxi-drivers, plumbers and other workers“. The end of this editorial also is inspiring, encourage readers to think and to be more involved in respecting European identity.</div>
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[1] http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/jan/26/umberto-eco-culture-war-europa</div>
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You can continue reading about op-ed articles in the second part. </div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-85894967740867680692013-03-13T12:37:00.003-07:002013-03-13T12:37:46.546-07:00Gamification History 1980-2013<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>Gamification </b>is quite new as a <b>business concept</b>, but it's roots goes way back. A hundred years ago the Cracker Jack company started putting a Toy Surprise in every box. After this, countless companies have used games, toys and other kind of fun, as a way of selling products. They all have some kind of gamification, but it is not like we talk about it today - in terms of systematically thinking about how to make things more game-like and increase sales or motivate people.</div>
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1980 - MUD 1</h2>
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In 1980 MUD1 became the first Internet multiplayer online role-playing game. It didn't look that much, as you can see in the picture on the right. This game was text-based system, but MUD1 was the first place where people could experience a shared virtual world. It was like a start of such games as World of Warcraft, Second Life or Lineage.</div>
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After 1980 there were many researches done and one of great person who done these is James Paul Gee. He is teaching at Arizona State University. He has written a number of books about how video games, even commercial, entertainment oriented games, encode powerful knowledge creation and learning mechanisms, that relate to all of the deep research, what we have on how people learn.<br />
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2002 - Present: Serious games</h2>
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Serious games movement brought together the communities in the private sector, academia and the military. They were using games for training and simulation for various kinds of non-game purposes. For example military were very interested in simulating the battle field and also being to use games as training mechanisms. Also many private companies started using serious games for training and other tasks. Games became a great way of teaching system thinking.<br />
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2007 - First modern gamification platform</h2>
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In 2007, Bunchball transitioned from social gaming and launched Nitro, a software platform which allows organizations to implement game mechanics across social networks, mobile applications, and websites. Now there are more companies (for example Badgeville and BigDoor) who offer gamification platforms for other companies.<br />
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2010</h2>
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In 2010 gamification really took of. It was partly because the community reached critical mass and they agreed to use gamification as a normal term, but also because of set of presentations, which really crystallised the idea of gamification for people. One of the best was presentation by well known game developer Jesse Schell who has it's own firm called "Schell Games". I highly recommend watching his full presentation at <a href="http://www.g4tv.com/">http://www.g4tv.com/</a> but if you don't have 28 minutes, just watch the Youtube video. He really pushed people forward to think about what gamification can do.</div>
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Same year Jane McGonigal published her book "Reality is Broken" and gave a TED talk. Jane is well known for her work on alternative reality games. Games, that are embedded into the real world and she talks how games can solve human problems. How games can help us address things like climate change, how to make people more engaged, complete and more successful. She does not use gamification term, but many her ideas how games work and motivate are quite same what I'm talking here.</div>
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Gamification Today</h2>
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Today gamification is starting to mature. It is still new, people are still developing the ideas, but there are conferences and many companies of different areas are using different aspects of gamification. There are market research reports, giving figures about gamification industry. Clearly something is going on here and industry is reaching the point where it is real thing. That's why I encourage you to dive into the gamification and learn more how it can be properly done.</div>
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Tom Andersonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03270930058909441524noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-870738187128051532013-03-12T15:39:00.000-07:002013-03-12T17:35:27.834-07:0030 Elements of Gamification<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Game elements are your toolbox for gamification. They are extracted from games and used in different ways to make business practices more game-like. If you would look to all games you can think of, you will find a vast array of different paths, elements, templates and design patterns that can be applied to other games or gamification.<br />
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Kevin Werbach's framework of gamification elements</h2>
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Kevin Werbach is a professor who is teaching people about <b>gamification </b>and also have published great book called "For the win!". K. Werbach have developed a framework for gamification elements. These are base elements that can be found in gamification and some structure around different kinds of those elements. These are not every possible element, nor are these the best elements, nor elements that should be in every example of gamification or game. The best example is not that uses the most elements, it's the one which uses the elements most effectively. This framework should give some sense how different elements and structures can be applied in gamified systems or games.<br />
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It is a pyramid structure that have 3 levels:<br />
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<li>Dynamics (top)</li>
<li>Mechanics (middle)</li>
<li>Components (bottom)</li>
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Kevin Werbach's gamification framework: Dynamics</h2>
At the top of the pyramid are the <b>game dynamics</b>. These are the most high level conceptual elements in a game or gamified system. You can think about these as a grammar - the hidden structure.<br />
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<li>Constraints</li>
<li>Emotions</li>
<li>Narrative</li>
<li>Progression</li>
<li>Relationships</li>
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Kevin Werbach's gamification framework: Mechanics</h2>
At the next level of the pyramid are the <b>game's mechanics</b>. These can be understood as verbs of gamification. The elements, that moves the action forward. There are more mechanics than dynamics - that's the notion of the pyramid. Game mechanics are tools, that can help to figure out how to move the action forward and get the players into the game. The mechanical elements of the game are:<br />
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<li>Challenges</li>
<li>Chance</li>
<li>Competition</li>
<li>Cooperation</li>
<li>Feedback</li>
<li>Resource Acquisition</li>
<li>Rewards</li>
<li>Transactions</li>
<li>Turns</li>
<li>Win states</li>
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Kevin Werbach's gamification framework: Components</h2>
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In the most surface level there are <b>components</b>. Specific examples, specific ways to do the higher level things that dynamics and mechanics represent.</div>
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<li>Achievements</li>
<li>Avatars</li>
<li>Badges</li>
<li>Boss Fights</li>
<li>Collections</li>
<li>Combat</li>
<li>Content Unblocking</li>
<li>Gifting</li>
<li>Leader-boards</li>
<li>Levels</li>
<li>Points</li>
<li>Quests</li>
<li>Social Graph</li>
<li>Teams</li>
<li>Virtual goods</li>
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Kevin Werbach's lessons from the Pyramid</h2>
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Altogether there are <b>30 different elements</b>. A great list, which should show you some of the options, that you have to play with while implementing some gamified system. The structure of the pyramid shows that the lower level examples are the way of doing some higher level things. That is how the structure fits together. Happy gamifying!</div>
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Tom Andersonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03270930058909441524noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-64175022407004722992013-03-12T14:55:00.000-07:002013-03-12T17:36:07.466-07:00Gamification - the new way to think<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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First time I have heard about gamification and gamified systems it at once got my attention. It's a new way of thinking. A new philosophy of life. According to gamification.org, gamification can be defined as:</div>
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The concept of applying game-design thinking to non-game applications to make them more fun and engaging.</div>
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It means, that <b><i>you can take any object in your life make it more fun and engaging</i></b>. For example if you have boring task to do, you can add some game elements to it like scoring, badges or leader boards and you might already have much more fun while doing this task. There are many great examples in the world where gamification made a huge impact to performance and quality to very different tasks, starting from phone-marketing companies to online social networks like LinkedIn.</div>
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I am going to show you how some of the techniques, that designers use in games like World of Warcraft , can be applied to problems in business, education, health and other fields. That's a technique what I call gamification.<br />
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Gamification introduction</h2>
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Gamification is about learning from games. Gamification is <b>not </b>just learning <b>about games themselves but</b> understanding <b>what makes</b> the game <b>successful</b>. It is understanding what makes the games engagement, what games can do, why they have power. After understanding gamification we can take some of those techniques and thoughtfully apply them to other situations that are not themselves games.</div>
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An example - Samsung Nation</h2>
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Samsung Nation is something, what Samsung has on it's corporate website. It is a system, which is using game elements and game mechanics to solve Samsung's business problems. They want more people to come to their site and do things on there. Interact with their products, write product reviews, watch videos, to find out more and register products they already bought.</div>
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So Samsung build a website using simple elements, that they developed from games. Things like leader-boards, badges (to reward achievements) and point systems. They taken these and applied to situation, which is not a game. Situation is "Samsung wants you to spend time and do things on their website, so that you will buy more products".</div>
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That's an <b>example of gamification</b>. It's not the only kind of example of gamification, as you'll see is by no means limited to this kind of contents you see here, but it's a good example as a starting point of we are talking about.</div>
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Tom Andersonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03270930058909441524noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-2090329423246147132013-03-12T13:10:00.000-07:002013-03-12T15:10:57.066-07:00Shattered Glass: who wins fact or fiction? (Part 4)<br />
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Similarly to H. de Burgh, American professor of journalism D. Gillmor writes that there are four pillars of good journalism: thoroughness, accuracy, fairness and transparency. These notions have a goal – objectivity. When a journalist obeys the rules of objective writing, only then he can be called as a professional journalist. “The best reporters I know always want to make one more call, check with one more source“, said D. Gillmor.<br />
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Talking about Stephen Glass, he was one of the best his powerful country journalists but he not even considered about objectivity or any other forms of it. Conversely, he avoided real facts and fabricated events, people, situations. N. Davies in his book highlights the fact that journalism with all daily news has become merely ‘churnalism’, applying minimal or no emphasis on producing good quality journalistic material for print and broadcast alike. But then what are chances for investigative journalism to survive against rapidly changing world of news, while even daily news is in bad situation?</div>
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Nowadays a lot of information is written on the original ideas because people quickly get bored by facts. Also, this is a reason, why Stephen Glass created facts. He couldn’t coup with dullness and unexciting, dry articles writing. Many literary figures were involved in Glass‘s journalism: metaphors, imaginative comparisons, hyperboles to create colorful articles. It is said that investigative reporters should seek the real investigative journalism internal goods: truth telling, objectivity, thorough source checking and so on. But maybe all these goods are only God terms and to follow these things every time is impossible? After all, journalists rely on their own ethics and they need to ask themselves, if they are acting in the right way. </div>
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In conclusion, it is obvious that investigative journalism has an important role to play in our society. Sadly, there is a problem: only a small proportion of society really appreciates investigative journalism. The most popular papers are tabloids. Nowadays journalists must be trained to interview, to gather real facts and at the same time to produce a story in attractive and accessible for readers, listeners or viewers way. When they read article, they want not only careful and scrupulous facts but that it would be interesting as well. </div>
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Talking about Shattered Glass, this film manages to highlight the history of journalism and to turn the action into a tale of moral values, where traditional principles of investigative journalism (thoroughness, accuracy, fairness and transparency) triumph over its more toxic instincts (the distort of facts, fiction making and so on). After some persuasions Stephan Glass approved the screenplay of this movie because he felt that the story was important enough to be told, in spite of the embarrassment he felt. The power of the film lies in the questions that it forces us to ask especially about the way we receive and accept truth. Also, it shows that we need to write not only between the lines but between the lies as well.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-46814609272022542482013-03-11T06:58:00.001-07:002013-03-12T15:12:10.323-07:00Shattered Glass: Investigative journalism as a ”muckraking-lite” (Part 3)<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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As it was mentioned before, investigative reporters are not satisfied about the situation of twenty-first century investigative journalism. Journalists must have a purpose to be free and fair watchdogs of society, but professors of journalism also state that now there are many tabloid-styled stories wrongly labeled “investigative”, which purpose is to entertain. These entertainment-oriented articles are what another investigative journalist J. H. Dygert has called “muckraking-lite”.<br />
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Serious investigative journalism (in the print media, television or on the Internet) often is stained with faults, lies or less serious and poorly executed articles, as we can see in the real story of Stephen Glass. “Network television and cable are awash with investigative news programs, from sensationalistic and ethically suspect to the more journalistically sound”, affirmed J. L. Aucion (2007). We can say that investigative journalism in the early years of twenty-first century seems burdened by silly stories on TV news shows, newsroom budget crunches and speechless government officials using terrorism as an excuse of hiding the information from the public. </div>
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So, it is thought that investigative journalism has become a defining characteristic of the news media with the purpose to entertain, muckrake and lie.</div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-83252824156700490432013-03-10T10:30:00.001-07:002013-03-12T15:12:24.047-07:00Shattered Glass: principles of traditional investigative journalism (Part 2)<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Traditional investigative journalism</td></tr>
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When we are talking about thorough facts checking, we are usually mentioning investigative journalism. While watching the movie Shattered Glass probably a majority of people raise a question: how healthy is investigative journalism when our practice moves into twenty-first century? Despite the fact that today there are more journalists involved in investigative reporting than ever before, many investigative reporters are not satisfied about the situation. Before proceeding in finding answers to this question, it is essential to define what investigative journalism is and what the main values of it are.<br />
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One of the investigative journalists, J. L. Aucoin, writes that historically the purpose of serious investigative journalism has been “to tell stories of wrongdoing that will stir moral outrage and to focus on systemic problems of considerable public import” . Also, there is a popular opinion that investigative journalism is a reporting on an issue of significant public concern that reveals information not previously known and perhaps even hidden. </div>
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What is more, distinguished investigative journalist and author Phillip Knightley explains it as, ‘it is usually to do with a story and injustice preferably an injustice or something that is wrong in society . D. Protess has characterized this kind of journalism as a form of storytelling that probes the boundaries of civic conscience . He also state that investigative journalists are reformers not revolutionaries and this means that they seek to improve their own country’s system rather than overthrow it. Despite varying definitions, the core of investigative reporting, for example, in America always was and now is a use of fact gathering to challenge authority and oppose the abuse of power (political, governmental, corporate, or religious) on behalf of ordinary citizens.</div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hjT5qsObOGw/UTzBcyfPhPI/AAAAAAAAB0I/JyLqfXButDA/s1600/objectivity.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="182" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hjT5qsObOGw/UTzBcyfPhPI/AAAAAAAAB0I/JyLqfXButDA/s320/objectivity.jpg" width="320" /></a>Of course, when analyzing investigative journalism, we have to mention one of the biggest values of this type of journalism – the concept of objectivity. H. de Burgh, a professor of journalism studies, emphasize that investigative reporters must give us facts and seek to explain these facts by attempting to uncover the reasons why events occurred in the way they did . Almost everyone knows that journalists have a responsibility to publish a true story and every time be objective. Almost everyone editor cautioned his investigative journalists to provide documented articles with passionless facts, which solidify the standards of investigative journalism.</div>
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Some media scholars, however, argue that subjectivity does not contradict objectivity and state that these both are values, which can be considered as constitutive elements of a professional identity of journalists. “The point is that the embrace, rejection as well as critical reappraisal of objectivity all help to keep it alive as an ideological cornerstone of journalism” , L. van Zoonen said. Indeed, every kind of development is usually filtered through this main concern to be autonomous to tell the stories that you want to. But although journalists worldwide disagree on a code of ethical conduct should be or not, they should have a sense of being ethical and it would legitimize journalist’s claims to the position as free and fair watchdogs of society.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-52807201399787981722013-02-27T17:07:00.000-08:002013-02-27T17:43:24.229-08:00Shattered Glass: read between the lies of investigative journalism (part 1)<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Theatrical poster</td></tr>
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<b>It is known that when filmmakers want to reflect journalism, they usually transform journalists into some kind of heroic action characters. For instance in a movie The Insider we can see a reporter who demolishes extremely bad conspiracy or in All the President's Men two enthusiastic journalists made a corrupt president to be compulsorily retired. Not in a few movies journalists are depicted as life-savers. In this regard, Shattered Glass is a unique movie which describes the story of a journalist on a far more human scale (it is also seen on a trailer</b><b>). The film is based on real events and it develops the world of pressured national political journalism. </b><br />
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The real life of Stephen Glass, a writer for The New Republic, who in 1998 began modifying facts to fiction in his journalism, is dramatized in Shattered Glass (American drama film written and directed by Billy Ray in 2003). Today’s journalists said that on the second Friday in May in the hall of the Hyatt hotel in the Maryland suburb of Bethesda, near Washington, nothing less than the most sustained fraud in the history of modern journalism was disclosed.
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hayden Christensen (played the role of S. Glass)</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Stephen Glass. F/Stop Studio</td></tr>
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<span style="line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">Being at 25, Stephen Glass was the most desirable young journalist in the USA’s capital.
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When working at The New Republic or Rolling Stones, he writes stunning investigative articles about various people and he was the example for many great journalists. But there was a problem: he creates things and even whole stories with the intention to produce colorful, original and attention-grabbing articles. He wanted to present something more provocative, than entirely truth could offer. Stephen Glass created fake voice mails from artificial sources, fake phone numbers, faxes, letterheads, memos; he published fake typed notes from imaginary events, written with intentional misspellings, fake handwritten notes, fake diagrams of who sat where at meetings which never happened and so on. According to American journalist B. Bissinger (2007), each of Glass’s articles was the “act of manipulative, aggressive trickery, as a grander and more precariously improvised adventure of the mind”.
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<span style="line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">But where goes away journalistic everyday ritual of source and facts checking? Many of Stephen Glass’s stories had been questioned, so why these fictions satisfied The New Republic’s strict fact-checking department?</span></div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0San Franciskas, Kalifornija, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos37.7749295 -122.4194155000000137.371327 -123.06211550000002 38.178532 -121.77671550000001tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-87105273594427600712013-02-24T12:06:00.000-08:002013-02-27T17:40:28.834-08:00Maybe not war, not culture but the Internet cements European identity?<div style="text-align: justify;">
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We all live in some kind of a social and cultural circle because we are born into a certain family, nation, environment. We are different and unique but nowadays we have a strong connection with not only our own small communities but with whole world. As E. Shafak said, if we stay for too long inside our cultural cocoons, our imagination might shrink, our hearts might dwindle and our humanness may wither. Communities of the likeminded are one of the greatest dangers of today’s globalized world.</div>
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So, the question is, how relevant is the overall idea of society’s culture in the globalized, de-territorialized world? Are we moving towards something universal, towards convergent communication culture? How relevant is the idea of ‘European journalism’? And what, actually, cements European identity?<br />
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U. Eco in the opinionated article Umberto Eco: 'It's culture, not war, that cements European identity' by G. Riotta (The Guardian, 26 January 2012)[1] said that the United States of America needed a civil war to unite properly and hopped that the culture would unite the Europe: “after being at each other's throats for years in fratricidal wars, we're now all culturally European”. But now maybe not only the culture from Dante to Shakespeare, from Balzac to Rossellini is uniting the Europe? We need to think about the idea of Europe as an experience (not only culture) which is mostly constructed through shared projects, stories, histories, emotions and even everyday concerns. This is the Internet which is becoming not only a new source of information but also a platform for networking individuals. The Internet has become a common practice for millions of writers, public intellectuals and bloggers because it offers numerous followers and audiences which read their commentaries, recommendations or something else. As A. Balčytienė was mentioned, the Internet is the revival of European identity, re-creation, the birth of ideals, the way of thinking and the way of life.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;">This is the Internet which is becoming not only a new source of information but also a platform for networking individuals</span></td></tr>
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On the one side, the Internet stimulates the development of a self-communication and it is also the product of our culture, a culture that emphasizes individual autonomy, and the self-construction[2].
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So, from this side we can say that the Internet no dot cements European identity. But there is another point of view. For example, empirical studies on the uses of the Internet show that the more an individual has a project of autonomy, more he uses the Internet. This means that human beings are no more born into their own identities; they are learning from others and even copying each other. As German sociologist and philosopher J. Habermas stated, societies exist by constructing a public space in which private interests and projects can be negotiated to reach a shared decision making toward a common good, within a historically given social boundary[3]. There we can say that the culture of the individualism spreads is different forms and one of them is a new pattern of sociability based on networked individualism which can be called as a mass self-communication.
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SDkgAG_63D8/USpuofbDo-I/AAAAAAAAByE/hTQCu7kivGM/s1600/blogging.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SDkgAG_63D8/USpuofbDo-I/AAAAAAAAByE/hTQCu7kivGM/s320/blogging.jpg" width="320" /></a>Appropriating the new forms of communication, people have built their own system of mass communication, via SMS, blogs, podcasts, wikis, and so on. According to the Pew Internet & American Life Project (2006), 52% of bloggers say that they blog mostly for themselves. But as we know, any post in the Internet, regardless of the intention of its author, becomes a „bottle drifting in the ocean of global communication“[4]. Also, RSS feeds allow the linking of content everywhere. So, these blogs are one-way messages from one to many.</div>
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According to M. Castells explanations, mass self-communication is the rise of a new form of socialized communication, based on Internet. It is a mass communication because it reaches a global audience and has an open source that can be downloaded free. It is also self-communication because this communication is self-generated in content, self-directed in emission, and self-selected in reception by many that communicate with many. For example, the content in Facebook is generated by people (automatically), all consumers have his profiles and use Facebook for his own purposes and, lastly, they are able to read everything, what they want.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YSjlg4UYHPA/USpvQZ05ZEI/AAAAAAAABys/E7xVsoerjaI/s1600/starting-a-family-blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="424" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YSjlg4UYHPA/USpvQZ05ZEI/AAAAAAAABys/E7xVsoerjaI/s640/starting-a-family-blog.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;">The content in Facebook is generated by people (automatically). So, all consumers have his profiles and use Facebook for his own purposes and, lastly, they are able to read everything, what they want.</span></td></tr>
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Talking about journalism we can mention the idea that news media worldwide are converging toward a single global model of journalism and the assumption is usually that world media are converging toward a liberal system[5]. This means that cultural diversity is reducing and at the same time the perception of European identity is increasing. Also, partly, we can say, that we have ‘European journalism’.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GDyEs_-xjvo/USpvJM2iByI/AAAAAAAAByY/KDiH0nWkqtk/s1600/Internet-Marketing-Article.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="243" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GDyEs_-xjvo/USpvJM2iByI/AAAAAAAAByY/KDiH0nWkqtk/s320/Internet-Marketing-Article.jpg" width="320" /></a>I totally agree with U. Eco that “the Erasmus idea should be compulsory – not just for students, but also for taxi drivers, plumbers and other workers because people need to spend some time in other countries within the European Union, they should integrate”. But I would like to add that, partly, we are already integrated in the European Union because we live in a new networked communication kingdom, we can speak the same language, which is digital, and we all are globally interactive with each other. Moreover, U. Eco mentioned that the web makes us bump into one another, for example, we may not read Russian but we come across Russian websites and we are made aware of others. So, it can be said that identity is unfulfilled project because cultures are mixed.</div>
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Now we live like in parallel spaces, which are virtual, de-territorialized and where we can share different interests and values. We use self-communication (for example, when writing personal blogs), but it is the mass self-communication, when everyone can read us. Although we are individuals with our own unique culture, indeed our identities are not territorial because of the Internet. Therefore, we can say that not war, not culture but the Internet cements European identity.</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[1] http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/jan/26/umberto-eco-culture-war-europa</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[2] M. Castells, Communication, Power and Counter-power in the Network Society, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Southern California, 2007.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[3] J. Habermas, Communication and the Evolution of Society, Polity Press, Great Britain, 1976.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[4] (M. Castells, 2007)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[5] Daniel C. Hallin, Not the end of journalism history. University of California, San Diego, USA, 2009.</span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Niujorkas, Niujorko valstija, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos40.7143528 -74.005973140.3270773 -74.648673100000011 41.1016283 -73.3632731tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-69738494916605330962012-11-20T07:15:00.001-08:002013-03-12T15:13:42.978-07:00ORAL HISTORY: what are differences and similarities with journalism?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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There can be a lot of different definitions of oral history and it is very imprecise term. L. Abrams in his book “Oral History Theory” explains that oral historian asks people questions to discover four things: what happened, how they felt about it, how they recall it, and what wider public memory they draw upon. He emphasizes that memory and the process of remembering are central to oral history. Donald A. Ritchie (“Doing Oral History”) also has a similar attitude to it because he considers memory as a core of oral history, from which meaning can be extracted and preserved. “Oral history collects memories and personal commentaries of historical significance through recorded interviews”, writes Donald A. Ritchie<span style="font-weight: normal;">.</span></h3>
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Looking from the point of usage, we can separate four main parts of oral history: formal, which rehearse accounts of the past presented by culturally sanctioned tradition-bearers; informal, used for conversations about “the old days” among family members, neighbors, or coworkers; used for printed compilations of stories told about past times and present experiences and the last part is when oral history is used for recorded interviews with individuals deemed to have an important story to tell.</div>
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It was a Professor of psychology David Boder of the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago who was travelling to Europe to record long interviews with “displaced person”. He was using the first device capable to capture hours of audio – a wire recorder. So, his interviews were probably the first recorded oral histories. </div>
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Allan Nevins of Columbia University first recognized the great value of oral history. When he was a young journalist in New York City, he had been learned that for many famous people the only available summary of their contributions to society was in their obituaries. This fact, for Nevins, seemed a big loss to the historical sources. Whereas the tape recorder was already invented, Nevins saw an opportunity to fill this loss and in 1948 he founded the first Oral History Research Office at Columbia University in New York. He wanted to encourage his colleagues in academic life and journalism to join him in this new field. (Hoyle, Norman, 1972)</div>
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Talking about the main differences between oral history and journalism, it is necessary to say that in oral history meaning is very important thing. When journalism or other written sources talk about the events or apparent facts, oral history talks about the meaning of the event and show facts which are not visible or sometimes even deleted from written sources. That’s why oral sources are necessary for a history of non-hegemonic classes. There is a frequent thing when ruling classes have a control over journalism and poor people are left behind. Often editors of some kind of newspaper or magazine say to journalists what should be written in their article, according to political or other reasons. Making the interview of oral history, you cannot say your informant what he should tell.<br />
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One more difference is that oral history gives us a unique insight in the subjectivity of the speaker, while the most seeking aim for journalists is objectivity. This is one of the main thing, why some historians are skeptical about oral history. Donald A. Ritchie said that “subjective“ suggests a partial and a partisan point of view, less reliable for its subject to alteration over time. This is true because oral history does not tell what people did, but what they wanted to do, what they believed they were doing or what they now think they did. However, R. van Voren in his lecture said that subjectivity, which is extremely avoided by journalists, is even more important as pure facts: what people believed happened is as much as fact of what really happened. I agree with the facts that people can forget some things or events but I think that people always remember the emotion and how they were feeling at that time. So, oral sources are subjective, but credible enough. </div>
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Also, important aspect, talking about differences between oral and written history, is stability. When you are making an interview about events in the past, you can get information based on the current set of values of the narrator. This information may be different than those at that time of the event. For example political opinions or family circumstances have changed. Written sources are always stable. Moreover, oral history is never the same twice because informants can remember new things or new viewpoints can come out. In the written history dominate accuracy and completeness.<br />
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Oral history - is a shared project</div>
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The last very important thing in oral history is partnership because documents of oral sources are always the result of a relationship between the narrator ant the interviewer. So, it must be a shared project when oral historian encourages a person to open up, lets him talk a lot without interrupting and listens him carefully. I have some practice in oral history and I know what does it mean to spend hours listening to the old woman about her battles against Soviet regimes and censors, how she hid books from the police and so on. She was a woman, who tried to save literature of our country. She talks to me very openly, directly and emotionally, so I didn’t get bored, conversely, my interview became an impassioned conversation across the generations. I tried to listen carefully and, eventually, I got a lot of interesting, new and needful information. Also, as R. van Voren said in his lecture, the researcher should ‘accept’ the narrator and gives priority to what he/she wants to tell, not what the researcher wants to hear because narrator often ‘adapts’ the story to the researcher, or to what he/she thinks the researcher is and what he/she wants to hear. There must be two-way communication, what is not necessary in journalism. </div>
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One more aspect is that while journalism is often sensationalism or manufactured controversy, the real purpose of oral history should be to illuminate what is real, what is real existential truth. I think that oral historian should have an interest about how most of the people live (not only about famous persons) to see what’s really going among human beings and to look at every situation deeper by using analytical mind.</div>
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Talking about similarities between oral history and journalism, I think that reliability is the most intense similarity. Donald A. Ritchie wrote that oral history is as reliable or unreliable as other research sources. No single piece of data of any sort should be trusted completely, and all sources need to be tested against other evidence. So, we cannot state that journalism or other written sources are more reliable than oral sources. </div>
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Finally, I would like to say that oral history interviews and journalism interviews might be similar in the material they record but journalism is perhaps less comprehensive than a deep oral history. It can be because of newspapers or magazines editors, who think in terms of column inches rather than about story preservation and if journalists, who do the interviewing know this, they don't think of the big work. Conclusively, though most people throughout history have learned about the past through the spoken word, I think that both oral history and journalism has a certain value. </div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Los Andželas, Kalifornija, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos34.0522342 -118.243684933.2054232 -119.5290854 34.8990452 -116.95828440000001tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-59255859390758376962012-09-30T04:20:00.001-07:002013-03-12T15:14:26.111-07:00What does it mean to be a great journalist?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Talking from the wide perspective, nowadays, almost everyone has an opportunity to try to be a non-professional journalist and it looks like easy, quickly and interesting hobby when sometimes you can even win fame. BUT such media, when everyone can practise their skills of journalism, isn't professional and worth to trust. Traditional journalists make mistakes as well. So, what does it mean today to be a great journalist?<br />
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">We can mention Carl Berstein, a professional and experienced American investigate journalist and author, who gave several proper tips about being a great journalist. </span></h4>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">First of all, C. Berstein think that the main thing is to find something that gives you joy doing it. He says that the most fun years of his life perhaps in many regards were age 16 to 20 at The Washington Star. He feels happy learning and becoming a reporter very young. But when Carl talks about today‘s journalism, he mentions that it’s very difficult for a young person to get the kind of notice because there’s so many people involved in what’s called journalism today and as there are fewer and fewer major sources of information that draw disproportionate attention. And he thinks that there’s a dilution and it’s harder to get noticed because readers go to more places and it was easier for individual journalists to get noticed 30-40 years ago. But an important thing is to have fun from doing journalism, no matter, how old are you. You are examining the human condition and that should be fun.</span></div>
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Journalist should be a good listener</h3>
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According to Carl Berstein, it is necessary for journalists to be a good listeners and a lot of nowadays journalists tend to be very bad listeners. “Reporters ran in with microphones and stuck them in people’s faces with the object of sound bytes really for the purpose of manufacturing controversy. The real purpose of reporting, of journalism is to illuminate what is real, you know, real existential truth”. Therefore, journalism should not be sensationalism or manufactured controversy – it should be context and listening. “Almost all the good stories that I have ever done, I’ve had a preconceived notion of what the story might be, and my preconceived notion has always turned out to be wrong; from Watergate to anything else that I’ve done”. Berstein says that it’s good to have that preconceived notion to maybe ask some questions, but then journalists must give people the chance to answer those questions and don’t hammer them with your preconceived notion. So, listening is something that journalist must know.</div>
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To look at how most of the people live</h3>
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And the last aspect about being a great journalist, is that journalists could not exaggerate one aspect of our culture. For example “the sensational, fame… most people aren’t famous, yet there’s this great desire in our culture for fame, which is an important thing to write about. And to look at, but at the same time, we need to look at how most people live,” said American’s journalist. Actually, we need to look at what’s really going among human beings and the institutions that they interact with, we need to look at every situation deeper by using our analytical mind.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Majamis, Florida, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos25.7889689 -80.22643929999998125.5589629 -80.547789299999977 26.0189749 -79.905089299999986tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-52135952306008980522012-09-11T05:15:00.003-07:002013-03-12T15:14:48.860-07:00Citizen journalism has disadvantages as well: BUT...<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;">In order to analyze today’s media situation and citizen journalism in Lithuania, the editor of ikrauk.15min.lt news website, Renata Linkutė was interviewed. “Readers often send photos, notifications of events or sometimes just wrote one sentence in this portal. Then professional journalists can make of it a complete, high-quality article. A citizen often can be speedier, notice more interesting things, while a traditional journalist is sitting in Parliament or Government meeting,” said R. Linkutė.</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;">On the other hand, R. Linkutė said that the citizen-journalist cannot always gather all necessary information because he or she simply does not have professional journalist skills and knowledge or being in the place of incident did not dare to speak to witnesses.</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;">It is true that all electronic information needs to be treated with caution. “One misjudgement or error has the potential to escalate overnight into a cause ‘celebre’. All local journalism is now global, instantly available internationally,” is written in an article <em>Diplomacy and Journalism</em>.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">One more thing is that NGOs also participate in citizen journalism. Kimberly Abbott, writing for the Nieman Journalism Lab, explains that NGOs are adapting to the changing information and communication environment: “they are becoming increasingly involved in the gathering and delivery of international news, using a range of communication channels and technologies”. NGOs face the news space challenges from bloggers and other citizen journalism.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Eventually, does too much human rights (that cause citizen journalism) coverage “burn out” the press? “Specialist journalism which relies on face-to-face contact and the constant checking of information from reliable sources will always be needed alongside the multiplying open sources of electronic information,” said Bridget Kendall.</span><br />
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It is thought that citizen journalism and blogs encourage journalists to search for new forms, new journalistic methods and an even more professional approach.</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 16px;">This is a funny video that shows differences and similarities of citizen and tradition</span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 16px;">al </span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 15.981481552124023px;">journalism</span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 15.981481552124023px;"> </span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 16px;">. Citizen journalists are always here to help traditional journalists do their job.</span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 16px;"> </span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 16px;">It is said that old forms of spreading news is important because people still want to know what is professional journalism, not only amateur</span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.699219); color: #333333; line-height: 16px;">. </span></span><br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Kalifornija, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos36.778261 -119.4179323999999823.827590999999998 -139.98433889999998 49.728931 -98.851525899999984tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-68457858138396133282012-09-09T08:19:00.001-07:002013-03-12T15:15:27.846-07:00Awesome advantages of a journalism of citizens<div style="text-align: justify;">
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The professor Eric Freedman, Michigan State University, in his lecture said that bringing events to light is very important role of the press. It is undoubtedly true and it is exactly what citizen journalism is trying to do. In fact, the traditional newspaper readers can not know whether the article is ordered, how much a journalist is going to be paid for it and how much truth is in this article. Citizen journalism comes from people who truly want to notify something to people and do not require compensation for it. They are not required to listen to an owner of the newspaper and write in the way he or she wants. So, it is evident that some readers will increasingly rely on non-profit professional journalists. According to R. Sakadolskis, nowadays there is less and less reliance to traditional media and journalists. And in the article <em>Diplomacy and Journalism </em>(author: Bridget Kendall) is written that citizen journalism<i> “have no interest in spilling the beans”.</i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">"</span><i>A reporter’s job is to understand subtleties and boil them down into an accessible form for an often bewildered audience, all the while conveying myriad points of view that more often than not are never reconciled </i><span style="font-size: large;">" </span>claimed B. Kendall. </div>
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This proposition also applies when we speak about citizen journalism because many people can reveal many different opinions and it might be that one unprofessional journalist can understand subtleties that a traditional journalist can’t. Also, sometimes a whole community can better analyze the problems than only professional journalists.</div>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">A great example of this new type of journalism could be a much unexpected incident in Turkmenistan. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">"</span><i>The deadly explosions also mark the unprecedented emergence of citizen journalism in one of the world's most isolated countries</i><i><span style="font-size: large;">"</span></i> writes Muhammad Tahir (article named <em>Citizen Journalism Scores Breakthrough In Turkmenistan</em>).</div>
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The unprecedented activism of citizen journalists who reported the event to the outside world even as it was still unfolding -- in some cases risking their lives in the process. It's the first time in the history of Turkmenistan that anything like this has happened. Without these citizen journalists that deadly explosion would normally go unreported and a lot of people wouldn’t be able to escape in time.</div>
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One more incident like this was with Syrian blogger sentenced to five years in prison. According to news reports, he was sentenced for disclosing information to a foreign country that must remain a secret for national safety. It shows that citizen journalism can reveal important information and even spreading news in your personal blog can be dangerous. </div>
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And one more short movie about how citizen journalist is solving his village problems by reporting about it in public.</div>
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<i><span style="font-size: x-small;">Everyone can contribute to CNN IBN's 'Idea Citizen Journalist' by uploading videos through super-fast internet.</span></i></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Čikaga, Ilinojus, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos41.8781136 -87.62979819999998241.497472099999996 -88.272498199999987 42.2587551 -86.987098199999977tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-50770596382952418522012-09-09T07:31:00.001-07:002013-03-12T15:15:48.784-07:00Citizen journalism – unprofessional but innovative way of spreading news <br />
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More and more we get to know about the events not from professional journalists, print media but from blogs and citizen journalism portals (for example in Lithuania: ikrauk.15min.lt, vikipedija.lt; international: dailyHeights.com, Bluffton Today, international.ohmynews.com), which are rapidly expanding its activities. A new media era began, but yet it’s not clear, how it will end.<br />
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In a virtual environment anybody, despite their education, belief or age, can write, publish and spread the news. This is a citizen journalism, which offers opportunities for creativity, but also opportunities for untested, subjective information as well. So, what future can today's media journalists create? Maybe amateur journalists defame Lithuanian and other countries journalists? Or, conversely, encourage traditional journalists to improve their skills?<br />
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According to the 2003 report <i>We Media: How Audiences are Shaping the Future of News and Information </i>(authors Bowman and Willis),</div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">"</span> <i>citizen journalism is the concept of members of the public playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing and disseminating news and information. The intent of this participation is to provide independent, reliable, accurate, wide-ranging and relevant information that a democracy requires </i><span style="font-size: large;">"</span>.</div>
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It is believed that amateur journalism is a specific attempt to find a new model because the old ones are starting to fall into disuse, but perhaps the Internet plays the main role in creating citizen journalism.</div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">" </span><i>The Internet messed up geographic distance, reduced the time value. And this changes the global reality</i>, <span style="font-size: large;">"</span> said Romas Sakadolskis, the professor of Vilnius University, the Institute of Journalism.</div>
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Now we are able to communicate very quickly and no matter, where our talker is: in America, India or elsewhere.</div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/58iZpMRclwI?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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More information about citizen journalism you can find in other posts!<br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Vašingtonas, Kolumbijos apygarda, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos38.8951118 -77.036365838.6963038 -77.3577158 39.0939198 -76.7150158tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-11420546524744156912012-09-09T03:48:00.001-07:002013-03-12T15:16:27.745-07:00The culture of communication and media is changing. We CANNOT stand behind!<div align="center" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
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As we live in such times of rapid communication, it changes the relationship between media, audience and journalism. Now the audience has a lot of opportunities to be involved in journalistic activities.</div>
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According to the article <em>The fragmenting mass media marketplace </em>(authors: John Dimmick, Ohio State, Angela Powers and others):</blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> </span><i style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: large;">"</span> The rise of Internet news and the inception of mobile devices represents additional gratification opportunities, opportunities to consume news anytime<span style="font-size: large;">"</span></i></blockquote>
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<span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">This means that opportunities to write news anytime and anywhere arise as well. The Internet has opened up a plenthora of new opportunities for people to express their views and interact with each other.</span><br />
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So, if media and journalism are rapidly changing, we cannot stand behind. We need to know about innovative ways of spreading news and move torwards a new generation of technologies!</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0San Franciskas, Kalifornija, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos37.7749295 -122.4194155000000137.371327 -123.06211550000002 38.178532 -121.77671550000001tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5816508681898708854.post-13312609843792824492011-09-26T13:33:00.000-07:002013-03-12T15:17:23.212-07:00The new space revolution and Lithuanian opportunity to participate in space technology<div style="text-align: justify;">
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2011 September 19 to 21 Lithuania was visited by NASA's Ames Research Centre director Dr. Simon P. Worden. He has been leading NASA's Ames Research Center for three years. S. P. Worden is a recognized expert and valued on both civil and military space issues.</div>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">On September 21 this expert met with the rector of Vilnius University Juodka Benedict, visited the library, and later at Vilnius University, Faculty of Physics, gave a lecture about the solar system space exploration prospects.</span><br />
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During the meeting with the rector, P. Worden told about his research center:<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">"</span> <i>There are three main areas in which we operate. In particular, this research related to space. As well as research related to life and its conditions of existence on Earth. For example, we monitor global warming and trying to understand its mechanism. The third part of our work - space travel</i>,<span style="font-size: large;">" </span>said a guest.</div>
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According to him, today, when the U.S. government reduces funding to the space program, a lot of hope is placed in the private sector. S. P. Worden said that NASA was actively looking for reliable partners around the world, including Eastern Europe. He hopes that this visit to Lithuania will be productive. The expert thinks that Lithuania has a very high scientific potential, so NASA will be trying to establish long-term trusting relationships with Lithuanian business companies and universities. This is one of the reasons why he says that we are now witnessing a new revolution in space.</div>
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S. P. Worden was asked for what purpose he came to Lithuania and the main factor, according to him, was that Lithuania has a lot of technological bases, which are ideal for small satellite development. Within a few days he spent here, he saw several of these technologies, for example, VU laser technology.</div>
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In fact, many people in Lithuania when creating these new technologies do not even think to use them for space purposes. This means that many countries which did not care to participate in the development of space technology (Saudi Arabia, Israel) are now available to help.</div>
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In order to know about Lithuanian space research and Lithuanians opinion about involvement in NASA's activities, the professors of Vytautas Magnus University, Department of Physics (optical and laser expert prof. Dr. Girdauskas V. and physicist-astronomer Prof. Habil. Dr. Kamuntavičius G.) and physics student (Liesis L.) were interviewed.</div>
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V. Girdauskas says that Lithuania has a very powerful lasers company:<br />
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Also, the professor claims that Lithuanian scholars are hardly working on space materials, electronics, sensors and semiconductor field.</div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">"</span> <i>Space exploration is very expensive and often the financial benefits are not the prediction.Lithuanian government can’t afford such large grants</i><span style="font-size: large;"> "</span> said Vytautas Magnus University student.<br />
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So the involvement in NASA’s activities is beneficial to both the United States and Lithuania.</div>
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G. Kamuntavičius asserts that Lithuanian astronomers, even though they didn’t have strong relations with NASA, very closely cooperate with European programs and even had common projects with Japan.</div>
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S. P. Worden is confident that over the next few years dozens of people will be able to live on other planets, but the Lithuanian astronomer G. Kamunatvičius disagrees:<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">"</span><i><span style="font-size: large;"> </span>To settle in, for example on Mars, we need a few more thousand years because the situation is completely unsuitable to live there. It is necessary to pollute outer space, to create the atmosphere, to heat the planet, grow algae and so on</i> <span style="font-size: large;">"</span>.</div>
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Therefore, it can be said that the new space revolution is going on, that Lithuania is able to join the development of space technology and NASA chose a good tactic to include smaller countries in their operations.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05829434704967072737noreply@blogger.com0Niujorkas, Niujorko valstija, Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos40.7143528 -74.005973140.3270773 -74.648673100000011 41.1016283 -73.3632731